Infrared (IR) viewers come in two
flavors. The Near IR viewers work for wavelengths that are close
to the eye's red seeing ( 650 nm) ability (hence the "near"). These
typically use a Silicon image sensor (1,000 nm still works). In fact all digital cameras
have some near IR ability but typically it has be blocked with a filter
so that the color shown has the correct color balance. Thermal IR
viewers are more difficult to make and typically require cooling the
sensor well below room temperature using Pieltier, liquid or high
pressure gas.
Wien's displacement law (
Wiki) of 1893 (Prior to Einstien and quantum mechanics) stats that the wavelength of the radiation from a black body has it's peak:
Wavelength (nm) = 3,000,000 / (temperature degrees K). More exactly WL =
2,897,768.5 / (deg K).
Note: degrees K = degrees C + 273 (
Wiki)
Note: it was five years later that Planck's law (
Wiki) came out that expresses the frequency of the light as a function of the temperature.
Planck's constant (h) (
Wiki)
is a physical constant used to describe the sizes of quanta in quantum
mechanics. The energy in light is not continuous but rather comes
in lumps. It may have been the first step toward quantum
mechanics and was needed to express the frequency of light from a black
body as a function of the temperature.
Because of this the Sun's surface temperature (5778 deg K) causes the
light falling on the Earth to peak at 500 nm, i.e. green. That's
probably why eyes of daylight mamals peak in the green.
Mammals have body temperatures around 300 deg K so peak around 10,000 nm which is far beyond the eye or Silicon camera sensors.
Calls:
3548192 Infrared Scanner using a Double Sided Inclined Mirror Mounted
on Annular Air Bearings, V.M. Farmer, C & JF Knight (Electrical
& Musical Ind Ltd),
3510191Optical Scanning System, J.B. Cannon (HRB Singer), May 5 1970,
3004162 Infra-red Ray Detecting Apparatus, J.F. Menke (Brinro Ltd), Oct 10 1961 - scans 360 azimuth
3173019 Radiant Target Locator, E.M. Wormser, Mar 9 1965,
3119018 Horizon Sensor System, R.W. Astheimer, T.F. McHenry (Barns Eng), Jan 21 1964
2333583 Enlarger, E.C. Rogers, Nov 2 1943
3156823
HORIZON SENSOR WITH REFLECTIVE OPTICS
3211046 Split Image, High Scanning Rate Optical System with Constant Aperture, H.V. Kennedy (TI), Oct 12 1965,
Calls:
2011271 Television System
2844648 Scanning Mirror, A.H. Rosenthal (Fairchild Camera), Jly 22 1958, - flying spot
2859633 typo
3087986 Optical Search System, K.L. DeBrosse (IT&T), Apr 30 1963 - IR viewer with CRT disp
3023662 Hemispherical Scanning System, H.F. Hicks (Navy), Mar 6 1962
3217170 Rotary Optical Servomechanism, BL Ho (IBM), Nov 9 1965
3563146 Single Lens Panoramic Camera, J.G. Miller (Itek Corp), Feb 16 1971
3475552 Signal Distributing System, K.M. Makino, I.W. Odawara-shi (Fuji), Oct 28 1969
3160751Optical System for Identifying and Tracking Source of Infrared
Radiation Emmission, C.E. Dunning (Aerojet-General), Dec 8 1964,
rotating mirror tilted from rotation axis does scanning