I have an older Heathkit Weather Station with LED displays (ID-4001) but when I connected a ribbon cable to the data port it made a very large amount of radio interference just by being connected. Maybe the later model with an LCD display and RS-232 interface solved that problem.
U.S. Department of Energy -
Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement (ARM) Program- Program
Measurements -
El Paso NWS Weather Page - The Weather
Calculator Script Files -
World Meteorological Organization
-
American
Meteorological Society -
NorthEast Media of
Atmospheric Science -
Exploratorium - Watching
Weather: A Low Pressure Book about High Pressure Systems -
Oxenhope Weather
Station Data - An automated weather station used to allow a
telescope to determine on it's own if it can look into the night
sky! Cloud
Sensor -
MIT - Lincoln Labs - Aviation Weather
- Overview
-
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological
Services (OFCM) - Publications
- Federal
Standards for Siting Meteoroligical Sensors at Airports -
National Lightning
Safety Institute - Links -
Emergency Digital
Information Service (EDIS) - California EDIS Message
Archive - the EDIS page was down when I edited this page
Air Force Combat Climatology
Center - Air
Force
Weather
Technical Library Links -
Joint Weather
Training Facility - at Keesler AFB -
Air
Pressure
- Height & Temperature - Copyright © 1996-1998 Texas
A&M University
Space Weather Aeronomical
Responses Model - software package that gets it's inputs
form the internet
Robo Weatherman -
iButton - based on Dallas Semi 1-wire technology-
Applied Technologies, Inc. - links - Sonic Anemometers, Hygrometers, Data Collection and Processing, Relaxed Eddy Accumulators (REA), Flux measurement Systems, Radar, and other Meteorological Equipment
Boltek - StormTracker detects lightning strikes up to 300 miles away and plots them in real time on a map of your area.(magnetic detection)
Campbell Scientific, Inc. - complete tower type stations
Casella -solarimeter http://www.casella.co.uk/casviewpage.htm?stage=4&productname=Weather+station+sensors+-+solarimeter&option=Introduction- an other instruments
Data Professionals - Heathkit parts - Weather Stations -
Davis Instruments Corp - WeatherLink Toolbox™ 1.0 (web publishing tool) - Scientific Sales, Inc. - good prices
Dynamax Inc. - plant bio-sensors, plant transpiration measurement, plant bio-productivity and environmental conditions
Forest Technology Systems - Cameras -
FT Technologies Ltd -
Protimeter - moisture meters
Instrumentation météorologique à l'usage - French dealer
ISA, the International Society for Measurement and Control. - search results for "METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTATION" -
IRDAM SA - no moving parts "wet finger" wind speed & direction method- US Patent No 4905513 -
Maximum - WeatherMAX - TriGeo (web tool) - classical looking round brass cases
MesoTech International - airport weather systems
Morgan Weather Measurement System - PIC based - discontinued in 2002
NovaLynx - Dealer with a large catalog of weather stuff
Onset - Hobo data loggers (see: G Pendant, 4-Channel logger)
Oregon Scientific Store. - Weather products -Model WM 918 is carried byRadio Shackas the WX-200 (63-1015) -Parts page-
Paroscientific - pressure & other weather instruments
Questech inc. - makes the Heathkit ID-5001 weather station & has some parts for the other Heathkit weather stations ( http://www.questech-inc.com/ is no longer a valid link, they probably are out of business?)
Peet Bros. - Ultimeter 2100 Weather Station - the modular phone connectors can uncouple all by themselves.
US4969358: Electronic altimeter/barometerRainWise -
US05361633 11/08/1994 Method and apparatus for wind speed and direction measurement
US05231876 08/03/1993 Method and apparatus for wind speed and direction measurement
US05033402 07/23/1991 Metric/English orometer
US05001929 03/26/1991 Electronic altimeter
US04969358 11/13/1990 Electronic altimeter/barometerWS-2000 418 MHz Weather Station-
R. M. Young Co. - 3D ultrasonic wind speed & other weather instruments
Robert White Instruments - more than 40 years as an instrument dealer. Weather & Marine Instruments
Stormwise - Home Lightning Detection and Severe Storm Detection
Unofficial Radio Shack WX-200 Electronic Weather Station Support Page - 2003 date but still on line
Vaisala - electronic measurement systems and equipment for meteorology and the environmental sciences, traffic safety and industry
Weather View 32 -http://www.weatherview32.com/Real-time Weather Station Monitoring with Internet Support -$129 to $999 depending on features
WeatherExperts.com - dealer
Yankee Environmental Systems (YES) -Total Sky Imager (TSI-440A)- TSI-880- Ultraviolet Instrumentation -
". . . . The atmosphere and the earth are part of the same system and rotate together, so if everything was static there would be no friction between the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth.However the atmosphere is a fluid and there is unequal heating between the equator and the poles. The unequal heating causes air density and pressure differences, and the atmosphere develops a circulation. Because the Earth is a rotating sphere the motion of these circulations are deflected to preserve angular momentum. The resulting pattern of atmospheric circulation becomes quite complicated.In the simple case of a non rotating Earth air would rise at the equator and descend at the poles, and at the surface of the Earth there would be a pole to equator ward return flow, that is a northerly wind in the northern hemisphere and a southerly in the southern. This would make a single "cell" of circulation equator to pole in both hemispheres.However as the Earth is rotating, rather than one circulation cell, we have three. The full hemisphere cell mentioned above reaches only to about 30° latitude and is called the Hadley cell (Wiki). The rotation of the Earth affects the cell by deflecting the surface return flow to the west in both hemispheres. These are the NE trades of the northern hemisphere and the SE trades of the southern hemisphere.
The other two circulation cells are the Ferrel (Wiki) and the Polar cell (Wiki). The Ferrel Cell runs in the opposite sense to the direct thermally driven Hadley cell, so the surface winds run the opposite way as well, and are deflected in the opposite way. So in the northern hemisphere in the mid-latitudes the average/predominant wind would be a SW wind. However the Ferrel circulation is much more complicated than this simple picture suggests, and there are flows both north and south, though both are generally from the west."
-------Cheers, Hank Australia Bureau of Meteorology ------------
La Crosse S84107 Wireless Forecast Station
Can only be viewed from straight on or from above, not from below (looking up, like from a bed).
Includes a WWVB clock - calendar and the internal barometer can be set to the local airport. Settings for units for each measurement and some max/min and alarm settings. The barometer bar graph is animated.
Uses the outdoor TX141TH-BV3 Temperature and Humidity Sensor.
Patents -Google Patents for La Crosse -
Mystery
There is a mystery concerning the backup batteries.
1. On the S84107 received as a Christmas gift I installed three Energizer E91 AA cells with date code: 12-2029 lot No,: 0120.
After synchronized to WWVB and the time zone set the power supply was unplugged. The screen turned black. When plugged in a minute or two later the time date came up at the default 10:00 Jan 01. This was confirmed with a second test.
2. After complaining to the factory I received a warranty replacement S84107 and installed the same new batteries in it. When the power supply was unplugged the screen when black and when plugged in again the time date reverted to the default 10:00 and Jan 1. When I complained to the factory they asked that I install another set of batteries which I did using Energizer E91 AA cells with date code: 12-2030 lot No.: 022. After letting the unit run overnight (i.e. synchronized to WWVB and the time zone set) when unplugged, the screen goes black, BUT when the power supply is plugged back in the time date comes back! Why??? Let me know.
PS I just now tested the three E91 AA cells on the ZTS multi-battery tester and they all show fully charged.
Initial Problem Synchronizing to WWVB
The first location was on a table that was also used to charge an iPhone, iPad and/or FitBit as well as a cordless phone. It did not sync in that location. When moved to a corner of the house far away from any electronics it synchronized easily. Moving back to the original location is where the memory battery failure was noticed. After removing all the chargers and cordless phone to another location the S84107 easily synchronized. So it may be important to now locate the S84107 near other electronic devices if you want the WWVB time signal to work. I noticed at 11:01 pm that the tower icon just to the right of the time minute digit was blinking. Apparently it tries to sync at 11:00 at night and maybe at other times at the top of an hour near midnight. The default setting is Atomic Time: On. But you have the option to manually setting the time and date if you have a problem Synchronizing to WWVB.
From the manual: "Your station will search for the atomic signal at UTC 7:00, 8:00, 9:00, 10:00, and 11:00. If there is no WWVB signal reception, your station will search every 2 hours until the WWVB time is received.
Viewing Angle
The LCD screen is designed to be viewed straight on or by looking down at it like when it's on a table. You can not read the screen if you look up at it. So if placed on a bedside table with the screen angled slightly back you can not read the screen from bed. But if the screen is leaning a little forward (put something under the foot) then it can be read from a bed.
Relationship between Temperature and Humidity (Wiki)
The upper left (green) display is outdoor temperature over outdoor humidity. Just below that (red) is the indoor temperature and humidity.
At night the outdoor temperature might be 35F while the outdoor humidity might be 70%. At the same time the indoor temperature might be 70F and the indoor humidity might be 35%.
If there was no wind, i.e. the bulk of the air was the same, then how would the humidity vary with temperature?
Empirical Equation
On normal days the sum of temperature (F) and humidity (%) is around 102. Both outdoors and indoors.
On rainy days the outdoor sum is more like 135 with an indoor sum like 112.
In the photo below the outdoor sum (71F + 35%) is 106 and the indoor sum is (71F +35%) or 106. Maybe they are the same because the unit had just been started? Normally the outdoor temperature (in April 2022) is 20 degrees colder than the indoor temperature.
Humidity calculator -
At 30C (86F) 100% humidity corresponds to 30.4 g/cu meter (0.82 oz/cu yd).
Rough estimate of absolute humidity from Wiki Table (click "show")
Date
Time
Temp out
(F)
Hum out
(%)
Sum
Out
Temp in
(F)Hum in
(%)Sum
In
Weather
2022-03-02
07:37
56
46
102
69
37
106
2022-04-16
14:30
70
47
117
71
41
112
2022-04-17
07:29
38
78
116
71
37
108
2022-04-18
05:08
39
71
110
68
37
105
2022-05-03
05:45
40
65
105
66
39
105
Clear & Sunny
TX141TH-BV2 Outdoor Sensor (Data sheet.pdf)
If the sensor gets wet it can fail in any number of ways. So, not only does it need to be in a North facing location (so shaded from the Sun), it needs to be protected from rain. (Today in Northern California there's supposed to be an atmospheric river.)
Opened sensor because it no longer syncs to the base unit.
Fig 1 top (seen when opening case)
Fig 2 bottom, seen after unsoldering battery terminals. Note gunk, maybe related to getting wet?
In order to synchronize the sensor and display it's easiest to bring the sensor to the display and slide off the battery compartment cover. Then...
* Press and hold "Search" (the third switch from left when looking at the front of the display) until you hear a "beep" and see the signal strength icon in the upper left "searching", then
* Press the button "TX" just above the batteries until the red LED on the sensor blinks. When that happens the display should start reading the sensor data.
Front
Back
Dead Remote Battery
I think a used battery was installed hence the short (6 mo) life.
Second S841047
Outdoor unit failed
Fig 1 Using energizer L91 Lithium AA cells
Fig 2 After manual settings
including date & time.
Atomic time not synchronized yet.
Barometer history not yet acquired.
March 2023 - no longer synchs to the indoor unit.
Oregon Scientific Weather Station
By coincidence I put batteries in a Oregon Scientific WWVB clock around noon local time and it was synced within a hour, not a day. After all the trouble I've had with La Crosse equipment I'm looking for a weather station by Oregon Scientific.
Model
$
3Apr23
Manual
Wind
Rain
Time
Solar
WiFi
App
Wx
Display
Software
WMR300A
600
OOS
WMR300.pdf
Yes
Yes
WWVB
STC300A
WMR500
300
WMR500.pdf
Yes
Yes
WiFi
Yes
Required
Yes
WMR86NS
120
WMR86NS.pdf
WGR800
PCR800
WWVB
optional
STC800
na
WMR200A
280
WMR200.pdf
yes
yes
WWVB
yes
$60
WMR89A
200
yes
yes
WWVB
na
na
WMR86A
OOS
->WMR86NS
150
yes
PCR800 WWVB na
Since I live in a forest/jungle air quality has never been a concern until the recent wildfires starting in 2017.
This unit is marked Machine Type: DM106
Input Voltage DCV5 (Note the USB Mini-B socket on the side for battery charging)
Battery Capacity: 2000mAh
HCHO detection range: 0 - 1.999 mg/m3
TVOC detection range: 0 - 9.999 mg/m3
PM2.5 detection range: 0 - 999ug/m3
Also See: Gas Masks\Rabbit Air Room Filter
Fig 1
Fig 2
Date & Time Battery State of Charge
PM2.5, PM10 & PM1.0
HCHO Formaldehyde
TVOC
Air Quality Index
Temperature
Humidity
Fig 3 Inside
Measuring dust with a Dylos air quality monitor - link to patent 8009290
8009290 Compact, low cost particle sensor, Roger L. Unger, Sensirion AG, 2011-08-30, 356/336 - cites 15 patents, cited by 30 patents
other particle sensor patents:
7857892 Air pollution sensor system, Johan Marra, Koninklijke Philips NV, 2010-12-28, - cites 36 patents, cited by 68 patents
9885602 Particle sensor, Hirotaka Matsunami, Shintaro Hayashi, Shinichi Kitaoka, Panasonic, 2017-06-29, -
20200209132 Particle sensor and particle sensing method, Declan Patrick Kelly, Shuang Chen, Michael Martin Scheja, Koninklijke Philips NV, 2020-07-02, -
There are many ways of measuring wind speed.
Ref: Air Currents and the laws of ventilation, Google Books.pdf, Sir Napier Shaw, 1907
Pitot Tube
The differential between static and ram air pressures can be translated into air speed.
YouTube: Torque Test Channel:Using Jet Aircraft & F1 Tech to Debunk Leaf Blower Performance Claims - Pitot Tube best for 100+ MPH measurements. EW-20250-13 (Cole-Palmer, Datasheet) good for 2 to 178 MPH. also displays Pressure, Speed, airflow (CFM) & Temperature.
Used Digi-Sense
Hot Wire or Thermocouple
Wind pulls the heat away from thermocouple which is driven harder than when just used to measure temperature.
See patent 2849880 below.
The Cole-Palmer web page shows 6000 ft/min as max air velocity (60* 6000/5280=) 68 MPH max so not suitable for use on leaf blowers.
The obsolete Kurz Instruments KRZ480 is a hot wire type.
Alnor Model 9850 Air Velocity Meter
This has two beads in the air tunnel. Not sure why. Maybe for two ranges or something about how it measures? There is an air flow arrow on top of the probe that needs to be properly orientated.
Arrived with dead 9V battery corroded onto to battery snaps. Some care was needed to remove old battery without damaging snaps.
Photos
Note 1: It's June 2020 and hot. I have the upstairs North facing windows open and the upstairs South windows closed. The front door has a screen and is open. The wind speed meters are just inside the front door. The idea is hot air rises and there should be a natural draft pulling in cooler air from the North side of the house. Note the 9850 hot wire meter is showing wind while the other two meters are not.
Model 6000
This uses a Mercury battery (maybe the same RM42 used in the 8500 combined thermometer and hot-wire anemometer.
Mallory
Eveready
Max
mA
Service
Life mAh
Service
load (mA)
dia
cm
Len
cm
Wt
gm
Vol
cc
RM-42
E42
500
14,000
250
3.30
6.10
167
48
Note the RM-42 is very close to the size of a "D" cell.
The Keithley 502 uses a bunch of batteries, including the RM-42 as B3 for tube filaments. 1 each 6118 and 4 each 6119 (Radio Museum: CK6419, CK549DX). Vf=0.625, so two in series is 1.25 Volts, maybe the dead voltage of the RM-42?
Vane in Tunnel
The Illinois Testing Labs manufacturers Alnor Scientific Instruments.
Alnor Velometer Jr.
aka: ML-433 - has 8" long handle on bottom.
This is a vane in a tunnel type wind speed instrument. A problem is the wind that's being measured consists of ambient air which contains crud. That crud gets inside and there's no easy to clean the inside of the meter glass.
Alnor is another name for Illinois Testing Laboratories.
See patent 2690671 below.
Photos
Fig 1 leather carry case
Fig 2 Range selects hole size
above scale:
U.S.A. Pat 2690671 Gr. Br. Pat 754894 others Pend.
Alnor Instrument Co. Chicago, U.S.A.
Fig 3 Vent hole in straight line with range hole
Fig 4 This sheet metal covering tunnel. Weak glue holding.
Fig 5 Vane in Tunnel. Note if vane moves up the crook
in support arm hits end of tunnel. Wind causes vane
to move down. Note wire wound balance stub.
Fig 6 Pressure in tunnel forces vane down.
Alnor Model 3002
This is considerably larger and heavier than the Alnor Velometer Jr. above. It also has threaded ports for pressure (left) and vacuum (right) that accept direct jets (probes) or a connection to a rubber tube and a remote jet (probe).
A set was quoted by the Law Instrument Co. Angola, Indiana for the Lafayette City School. It's a kit with fewer accessories than some more expensive set, but should work for the school while saving money ($113.50 v. $171.50 in 1950). The contents of this kit does not match the kit quoted in the letter.
This kit has all matching serial numbers on the meter and Jets. It allows for measuring the flow coming out of outlets (2220) and in flow going into inlets (2225). It also allows using a direct orifice for low speed (2778) or high speed (2420). Note the meter face shows all these Jet (probe) numbers. There is no provision on the meter face to use the meter without any probe or Jet, even though that's mentioned in the Alnor literature.
The 3002 is a very capable model and many of the sets offered on eBay are based on it. This is an all mechanical set, not batteries or electronics so it works great now. Note the Model 6000 is no longer viable because of it's need for the RM-42 Mercury Battery. To be trusted the serial numbers of all the probes (Jets) should match the meter serial number.
Sets and Probes
The 2000 series probes take the small (3/8") tubing. The 3000 series probes take the large (?") tubing.
p/n Description Range Supply (Pres)
Intake (Vac)1G Set 2G Set 3G Set 4G Set 5G Set 2215 averaging >2000 FPM Pres 2220 Angle Supply Jet
>2000 FPM Pres 2 1 1 1 1 2225 Angle Intake Jet >2000 FPM Vac 2 1 1 1 1 2230 Angle Supply Jet
>2000 FPM Pres 1 1 2245 Small Tubing Fitting <2000 1 2402 Direct Orifice 1000 2420 3000 FPM Direct Orifice Jet >2000 FPM Pres 1 2425 Duct 18" >2000 FPM 1 1 1 2460 Static Pres 1 1 1 1 2485 Total 18" Pres 2726 Replacement Filter Element 2778
300 FPM Direct Orifice Jet
3150 Dust Filter 3290 Duct 9" >4000 1 3905 Tubing Fitting 1000 3910 Duct 24" 1000 1 3920 Angle 1000 Pres 1 1 1 3930 1000 Vac 1 1 1 2215-36 averaging 36" >2000 FPM Pres 2220-36 Angle Supply 36" >2000 FPM Pres 2230-36 Angle Supply 36" >2000 FPM Pres 2425-36 Duct 36" >2000 FPM 2485-36 Total 36" Pres
Photos
Poor Packaging
Fig 1 Alnor 3002 Set
Fig 2 Alnor 3002 Set
Fig 4 Alnor 3002 Set with Jets numbered.
Fig 5 patents: (see below) 2060848 & 2207747
Rotating Vane (Windmill)
Taylor 3132
Taylor Anemometer - three dials: Large: 0 to 100 Feet, small: 0 to 10 Hunderd feet & 0 to 10 Thousand feet. YouTube:How to use a Taylor anemometer -
Tycos 3132 Biram Anemometer (8 vanes)
3141 single large dial, 8 vanes
Mining Artifacts - Anemometers,
Davis & Sons
UK patent 1876 No. 1128
TB Winter Newcastle Mining anemometer.
"Biram's Patent, Davis Optician Derby" (History of Science Museum, UK)
The dial face of the Taylor 3132 looks identical to the one for the Ship's Log. They work the same way, that's to say they are allowed to run for some fixed time and the total run is divided by the time to get the speed.
From Taylor 1936 Catalog, pages: 26 & 27 shows up to 10,000 ft/min or yo to 113 MPH so not good for leaf blowers.
Short & Mason
Model
Comment
Max/Min
FPM
Max
Feet
On/Off
Vanes
Dials
Frame
$
3102
Electric
4-cups
148.50
3102A
"
adds Wind Vane
203.50
3112
Portable
100,000' total
3000
200
4
97.00
3121
Portable
10,000,000 total
3000
200
4
97.00
3130
Biram's
2
3"
89.00
3132
Biram's
Taylor Jewelled
3000
200
10,000
Yes
8 3
4"
40.00
3139
Short & Mason Pocket Biram's
8
2
2"
125.00
3141
C3962
Short & Mason Low-Reading
300
30
na
8
1?
4"
115.50
3150
Short & Mason High-speed
200,000' total
10,000
1,000
3
4-1/2"
125.50
Short & Mason makes dip needles. Taylor 1936 Catalog, pg 28 -
2974 Short & Mason Inner's Compass, $33.00 5" dia case
2974-1/2 Short & Mason Miner's Compass, $44.00, Norwegian Type 3" dia case.
page 29
Short & Mason, Campbell-Stokes Sunshine Recorder, $308.00 Improved style Bronze bowl with _____ for summer, winter and equinox. adjustalbe for latitude from 40 to 70 degrees, optically perfect sphere.
Photos
Fig 1
Fig 2 It's not clear what the purpose of the hollow tube is.
It is not an adapter to a standard camera tripod.
If you know what it's used for let me know.
Fig 3
Do not turn lever to "On" position unless fan blades
are in motion. If instrument is not in wind stream,
and motion is desired, blow lightly on fan. Do not
put blades in motion in any other manner.
2662 4-58
Spring loaded lever at about 30 on main dial is to zero all dials.
Note wind direction in order to get dials to count up.
The person using the anemometer should stand facing the wind and reading the dials.
Fig 4 The first generation units have the screw seen at the top under the base foot instead of exposed like this one. That means to dissemble one of the old units the base foot needs to be removed.
Note the bottom screw is recessed and would clear the base casting if it was that big.
But . . . . they made a mistake and bored the clearance hole in the basefoot casting in such a way that it removed the part number.
If they would have put the clearance hole on the plain side you could read the part number.
FloRite & Floret
Both made by the Bacharach Instrument Co of Pittsburgh, PA.
FlowRite MRF Style 3035 A
Range: 0 to 35 MPH (0 to 3000 ft per min).
Has manual scale lock to capture reading, or can be turned off so reading varies with wind.
Floret Air Velocity Indicator
Restrained vane type.
Knurled screw at bottom is air inlet. Aim into air flow.
Four air outlet holes on back
Patents
Bacharach Instrument Co Holds many patents related to industrial gas measurements, but these instruments are aimed at commercial HAVC applications and I haven't found any patents that cover them, but expect there should be one for the scale lock toggle/screw device.
Fig 1
Fig 2
Ultrasonic (Wiki)
Can measure very slow and high wind speeds and some models work in three dimensions. Tend to be priced over $1,000.
Laser (Wiki)
The Campbell Scientific Inc. CA-9 Path-Averaging Laser Anemometer seems to be a pioneer introduced in 1974. I'm trying to figure out how it works.
3966324 Laser doppler anemometer,Paul D. Iten, Brown Boveri AG (Campbell Scientific: CA-9), App: 1973-04-18, 356/28.5; 356/28 -
Acoustic resonance (Wiki)
The NETATMO wind speed/direction sensor may be of this type. It's priced way below the other ultrasonic sensors and does not appear to have the bumps they have for the transducers.
5877416 Anemometer employing standing wave normal to fluid flow and traveling wave normal to standing wave, Savvas Kapartis, FT Tech Ltd, 1999-03-02, -
Anemometer Patents
1050350 Anemometer, Henry Davis, 1913-01-14, 73/861.85; 415/4.3 -
1401877 Flow-meter for gases, Robert H Davis, 1921-12-27, 172/719 - nozzle sends air to paddle attached to meter needle. Not vane in tunnel.
1535421 Anemometer, John E Jones, MSA Safety Inc, 1925-04-28, 73/861.05 -
1560535 Anemometer, Carl O Burton, 1925-11-10, 188/155; 340/601 - spinning cups drive electric generator has output corresponding to the current wind speed.
1684350 Rotary-type flow meter, Hamill William Wilson, 1928-09-11, 73/861.81; 73/254; 73/861.88 - spinning rotor, not vane in tunnel.
1905444 Anemometer, Alfred U Davis, Davis Instr Mfg Co, 1933-04-25, 73/861.85; 73/514.39; 73/524; 310/93 - Cups or rotating vanes, uses spinning fan as part of mechanism to display speed instead of dials for run.
eBay listing: Post WW2 Casella hand held anemometer
There's another speed indicating anemometer where the readout looks like an electrical panel meter (probably is and the cope drive a generator).
AN/PMQ-3A Airflow Inst Co. - the spinners may have a 1/4" phone plug as the attachment.
1967449 Hand wind gauge, Ostman Carl Johan, 1934-07-24, 73/861.85 - spinning vane with rotation counter. Sort of a windmill. Can zero counter using the hand holding the gauge keeping the other hand free to work the watch.
2060848 Air velocity meter, John R Boyle, Illinois Testing Laboratories, 1936-11-17, 73/202; 73/861.76; 138/DIG.4 - purely mechanical, Single port with two tubes. Vane (35) in tunnel above meter pivot.
RE21127 Air velocity meter, John R Boyle, Illinois Testing Laboratories, 1939-06-27, 73/202 - 2060848
There must have been at least one law suit over this patent in order for it to be reissued.
2207747 Velocity meter, Joseph A Manarik, Kenneth H Miller, Illinois Testing Laboratories,App: 1936-11-11, Pub: 1940-07-16, 73/202; 73/861.76; 73/187 -
The Push To Read button (63) keeps the needle locked and also has a hold measurement function.
Jets (probes) are covered in this patent. The word "jet" in the 1930s may not have been common.
Note it's not at all clear how to connect the tubing to the meter.
Note the word "Velocity" implies speed and direction. These instruments only measure speed so that would be a more appropriate word in the title.
2315185 Air velocity meter, John R Boyle, Illinois Testing Laboratories,1943-03-30,73/202; 73/430; 73/861.76; 123/198F - purely mechanical with hose fittings on either side of meter for external probes. Vane in tunnel above meter pivot.
A number of the Alnor (Illinois Testing Laboratories) sets on eBay have Boyle in the title.
2316255 Anemometer, Knobel Max, Packard Robert Henry, GMC, 1943-04-13, 73/861.75 - to operate at < 5 feet/minute (inside refrigerators), remote reading
2342290 Jet for air velocity meters and the like, Kenneth H Miller, Illinois Testing Laboratories, 1944-02-22, 73/202; 73/861.65 - I'd call it a probe.
2346864 Anemometer, Packard Robert Henry, 1944-04-18, 73/861.85; 250/232; 250/237R; 324/175; 416/5; 416/241R -
2377884 Means for measuring wind velocity, Hillman Leon, 1945-06-12, - (later on Anemostat Corp model 60)
2389615 Anemometer, James P Eder, 1945-11-27, - hot wire (later on Anemostat Corp model 60)
2608859 Propeller anemometer, Harcourt C Sontag, Cordero Fidel, Samuel H J Womack, 1952-09-02, 73/170.07; 33/402 -
2612047 Probe device for fluid condition measuring apparatus, Henry O Nilsson, Leonard R Phillips, Anemostat Corp, 1952-09-30, -
2612780 Resistance thermometer, Bruyne Emil A De, Illinois Testing Laboratories, 1952-10-07, 374/183; 374/144 - cal plugs for 0 - 100F, 100 - 200F & 200 - 300F. linear wire sensor.
2648224 Apparatus for measuring velocity and temperature of fluids, Leonard R Phillips, Henry O Nilsson, Anemostat Corp, 1953-08-11
2690671 Air velocity meter, John A Obermaier, Alfred A Obermaier, Alnor Inst Co, 1954-10-05, 73/861.76; 73/431; 220/664 - purely mechanical with port on left and right sides. This is the Velometer Jr.
2690671 Air velocity meter, John A Obermaier, Alfred A Obermaier, Alnor Inst Co, 1954-10-05, 73/861.76; 73/431; 220/664 - purely mechanical with port on left and right sides.
This is the Velometer Jr.
Works in any orientation.
There's a claim of easy glass removal & replacement. How?
2779194 Wind-gauge working on the pressure principle, Slettenmark Karl Ivar Gustav, 1957-01-29, 73/861.57 -
2800018 Probe device for fluid condiction measuring apparatus, Leonard R Phillips, Robert L Miller, Godes Elliot, Franz J Kurth, Anemostat Corp, 1957-07-23, -
2838932 Anemometer, James G Dwyer, DWYER Manuf,1958-06-17, 73/170.16; 73/170.07; 73/170.14 - (Official web page) - Pitot tube remote reading
2849880 Thermal anemometers, Alfred A Obermaier, Illinois Testing Laboratories, 1958-09-02, 73/204.24 - Hot-wire Anemometer (Wiki)- mentioned thermocouple, not thermister.
2889707 Anemometer, Walter J Snider, 1959-06-09, 73/861.76; 73/170.15 - wind direct against vane with spring so reads out in MPH/KPH
2923152 5-prong aerodynamic pickup, Jr George C Mabry, Andrew A Mahoff, Charles E Pettingall, Douglas Aircraft, 1960-02-02, - angle of attack, angle of sideslip and indicated airspeed.
2993374 Air meter, Frank W Dwyer, Locke John, DWYER Manuf, 1961-07-25, 73/861.55 - pith ball floats in tube to indicate wind speed.
3242730 Air velocity meters, Veikko K Peltola, Illinois Testing Laboratories (Alnor), 1966-03-29, 73/861.76 - internal 1.35 V Mercury battery (obsolete) used for damping, has left and right ports for attachments.
3463003 Air velocity measuring apparatus, Martin J Pierman, Edwin W Donath, Otto A Ernst, Illinois Testing Laboratories (Alnor), 1969-08-26, 73/861.75; 73/861.76 - taught band meter movement spring balanced vane (plate) in tunnel all in one assembly that can be adjusted and tested prior to assembly into meter. No batteries.
3557617 Vane anemometers, Alexander Connor Wilson, Peter Edward Bagley, Airflow Developments Ltd, 1971-01-26, 73/861.85 - hand held rotating vane with Veeder-Root distance register
3636766 Velocity meter, Philip R Austin, Contamination Control Lab, 1972-01-25, 73/861.75 - pretty much like a door with the hinge at the top, very simple to make from sheet metal.
3638488 Fluid velocity measuring device and method, Robert S Meijer, Alnor Instruments, 1972-02-01, - modulation (audio?) and phase measurement.
3719082 Air velocity measuring system, A Obermaier, M Pierman, Alnor Inst Co, 1973-03-06, 73/202 - adds range switch to purely mechanical system between probe and meter. Has the look of an Acetylene welder mixing handle (Wiki).
3769835 Pitot calibrated air velocity measuring system with transducer, A Obermaier, M Pierman, Alnor Inst Co, 1973-11-06, 73/202 - range switch between sensor and vane in tunnel meter
3826136 Anemometer device, N Chang, 1974-07-30, 73/861.85; 73/861.75; 73/170.15 -
3823611 Vane anemometers, M Rudow, W Klawans, Davis Inst Co, 1974-07-16, 73/861.85 - works down to 30 feet/minute. Note that the Kestrel 5500FW can operate down to 2 feet/minute.
4051725 Hand-held anemometer, Alden Schloss, 1977-10-04, 73/861.76; 267/179 - wind direct acting on vane, no tunnel.
4102188 Portable anemometer with collapsible rotors, R. A. Simerl, Simerl Instruments, 1978-07-25, 73/170.01; 73/861.85 -
Related:4154101 Air velocity gauge, Steven O. Buchanan, Robert W. Butts, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1979-05-15 73/861.75; 73/272R - Vane in tunnel, 20 - 400 FPM,
DE2824771A1 Portable anemometer with light weight rotor cups - has cup support arms pivotally connected to spindle and collapsible from active horizontal to vertical storage position, R A Simerl, 1979-12-13, -
D244203 Anemometer generator frame, R. A. Simerl, 1977-05-03, D10/103; D10/52; D10/96 -
D245970 Anemometer transducer, R. A. Simerl, 1977-10-04, - Savonius (Wiki) instead of cups. Cylindrical case.
Calls:GB1559761 Anemometers, 1980-01-23
2648980 Apparatus for measuring and recording the direction and velocity of wind, Louvan E Wood, Vernon D Hauck, Bendix Aviation, 1953-08-18, 73/170.07 - molded to look like a plane, propeller for speed, tail for direction. Maybe the "Aerovane" stype?
3465584 Anemometer with braking mechanism, Robert E Turner, Dennis W Camp, NASA, 1969-09-09, 73/861.8- testing in order to measure the time for cups to come up to speed
3623362 Free-fall current meter, Robert Daniel Gerard, Navy, 1971-11-30, 73/170.14; 73/170.34 - sinks to bottom and returns to surface of ocean while recording water currents.
3904984 Oram - type in number
D237951 Anemometer, R. A. Simerl, 1975-12-05, - Savonius see D245970 above. Rectangular case with normal meter movement. Looks like Sims Anemometer on eBay.
FR2514143A1/en Hand-held electronic anemometer - has Hall sensor coupling rotating shaft to electronic circuit giving adapted scale read-out to LCD
D244226 Combined top sender and bearing plate for an anemometer, R. A. Simerl, 1977-05-03, D15/199 -
D247879 Anemometer transducer, R. A. Simerl, 1978-05-16, D10/96; D10/60 -
Calls:
D215071 Anemometer integral cup and arm, David M. Davis, 1969-08-26,
Calls:D237951 Anemometer, R. A. Simerl,
3020963 Cup anemometer, Hakkarinen William, 1962-02-13, 416/196R; 416/196A; 416/197A; 416/197R; D10/96 - strong enough for hurricane
3020963 see above
3713336 Combination fluid flow speed and direction transducer, T Bernstein, J Miller, 1973-01-30, 73/170.11; 73/170.08; 73/170.12; 33/351; 33/362 - direction relative to magnetic North.
4248082 Anemometer, D. Eugene Farmer, 1981-02-03, 73/861.85; 73/861.78 - classic Taylor type windmill vane type but with LCD readout. magnets turn in coil.
Calls:4841782 Target fluid flow indicator gauge, Steven O. Buchanan, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1989-06-27, 73/861.74; 73/DIG.5 - Magnehelic?
3777121 Electronic Counter
3777263 Peak holding circuit
3805161 Apparatus for sensing speed - magnets and coils
3916326 Sensing circuit including polarity discriminator
3970935 Wide-range digital reluctance tachometer
Patents for Dwyer Magnehelic:6564652 X-wire probe for velocity measurements near the downstream edge of an aperture, Paul J. Zoccola, Jr., US Navy, 2003-05-20, 73/861.85 -
3373614 Differential pressure gauge, Robert D Neyer, Yarway Corp, 1968-03-19, 73/716; 116/268 - magnetic coupling from pressure vessel to outside
3397319 Differential pressure indicator and switch, John P Locke, Dwyer Mfg, 1968-08-13, 250/231.19 -
3645140 Pressure gauge, James W Phillips, Richard S Zoludow, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1972-02-29, 73/716 -
3862416 Pressure indicator and switch, James W Phillips, Richard S Zoludow, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1975-01-21, 250/231.11; 250/231.19 -
4011759 Differential pressure gauge, James W. Phillips, Terrence J. Troyer, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1977-03-15, 73/716; 73/DIG.5; 116/267-
4030365 Differential pressure gauge, James W. Phillips, Terrance J. Troyer, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1977-06-21, 73/708 -
4890497 Differential pressure gauge transmitter, John M. Cahill, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1990-01-02, 73/708; 338/4; 73/721; 73/766 -
4347744 Diaphragm type differential pressure gauge with overpressure relief protection, Steven O. Buchanan, Dwyer Instruments Inc, 1982-09-07, 73/715; 137/68.27; 137/71; 73/431; 73/716; 73/738 -
5012678 Overpressure relief safety plug for pressure gauges, Steven O. Buchanan, Dwyer Instruments Inc,1991-05-07, 73/738; 73/431; 73/756 -
The Peet Borthers Ultimeter weather station does include a tipping bucket rain gauge it's of no use if one of the modular connectors comes loose, especially ones related to DC power.
So got this modern take on the old fashioned rain gauge.
Headwind EzRead Jumbo Rain Gauge.
The mounting bracket has holes at the top and bottom that worked well with tie wraps.
The gauge proper can be lifted out of the bracket in order to dump the water.
Note the funnel at the top magnifies the scale so that 1-1/4" by tape measure = 1" of rain fall.
Not visible in this photo is the plastic washer that floats on top of the water making reading at a distance easy.
2023 End of year the float stayed at the bottom. I thought the float had become water logged. But the problem turns out to be scum on the inside of the tube.
The float works fine in a glass of water.
After attempt to clean using dishwasher soap.
Still needs a lot of help.
Bottle brush, but what size and bristle, or .....?
answer from YouTube:
There are 4 ways to clean the tube. All of them require removing the funnel at the top at some point in time. Just give it a wiggle and it should come off.
#1. Let the rain gauge completely dry out. Usually the gunk at the bottom of the funnel will harden and come out.
#2 Just a little vinegar (1 tablespoon) and let it soak in the bottom of the unit for 15 minutes or so. It should break up the gunk and then rinse out the tube.
#3 same as number 2, but use bleach
#4 use a bottle brush to scrub it. The tube is made from high grade polycarbonate, but be careful not to deeply scratch the tube when scrubbing.
9010182 Rain gauge, Matthew S. Glenn, Headwind Consumer Prod, 2015-04-21, - another version has a small solar cell and LED in the float.
D7543493 number on point of sale card but not found on neither Google nor USPTO.
Measurements
To avoid filling past 5" the gauge needs to be emptied when it's almost full.
Date
Reading
then empty
Total
2021-10-27
0
0
2021-12-23
5+
5+
2021-12-23
0
5+
2022-04-15
5+
10+
2022-08-29
1.75
11.75
2022-08-29* 0
0
2022-12-31
5+
5+
2023-01-05
4.25
9.25+
2023-01-13
5+
14.25+
2023-02-26
4.9
19.15+
2023-03-081
3.75
22.9+
2023-03-15
3.75
26.65+
2023-09-24
2.5
29.15+
0
0
2023-12-07
5.125
5.125
2023-12-22
4.75
9.875
2024-01-09
3.8
13.675
2024-01-22
4.5
18.175
2024-02-031 3-7/8"
22.050
2024-02-14
3.5"
25.55
2024-02-201 4.375
29.925
2024-03-11
4.875
34.8
2024-05-07
5.00
39.8
0
* Started to rain 2pm
2023 Feb some snow in late Feb.
Note 1. Atmospheric River (Wiki) scheduled for tomorrow.
An Instantaneous Direct-reading Radiogoniometer by Robert Watson-Watt, 1926
StormScope - lightening detection
SkyScan Severe Thunderstorm Detector
Patents
3753117 Severe weather warning device, Downing G, Mcewen T, Weather Watch Corp, Aug 14, 1973, 73/170.24, 340/515, 324/72, 340/601, 340/693.1 - distance not direction
4023408 Stormscope, Paul A. Ryan, Nicholas Spitzer, May 17, 1977, 73/170.24, 324/72 - aircraft instrument WX-7 was the first in a series.
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page created 30 Jan. 2000.