Background
Description
    Micron 80 Series Infrared Thermometer
    Cammo Net
    Kodyee CF-818
    Kodak Ektron P-2
Patents
Related
References
Links

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Background

To compliment the pages on Optics and Ultraviolet.

Description

Micron 80 Series Infrared Thermometer

Keikhosrow Irani founded Micron Infrared in 1969.  LumaSense Technologies acquired them, and Advanced Energy Industries (Pyrometers) is the current holder.

Got this for a good price on eBay probably because the two 9V batteries in the handle have gone bad.
The manual says an alternate to the Ni-Cad is a regular Alkaline 9V battery.  It's now behaving as it should, but I question the calibration.  The indoor readings, with emissivity set to 99, varies from 75 to 83, so assuming deg F.

In Fig 2 you can see small holes at the bottom of the panel marked "S" and "Z".  I'm guessing Scale and Zero.
There is no label on this device and the manual mentions just under a dozen different models in the 80 series with different view angles and working distances.  So a little experimentation will be needed to figure out the object size and distance relationship so that a black body can be used to set Zero and Scale.

The manual mentions in a number of places of using a thermocouple to measure the surface temperature of a target that has an emissivity of 1 in order to determine the emissivity of a material at a test temperature.  Note the patents below are just some related to thermocouples by Irani who has patents on the Mikron device.

Table made by guessing based on spot size v. distance data.
The manual does not list the models in the 80 series and does not say what temperature range they have.

FOV deg	Ratio	Model
0.36	160:1	CT, HT
0.5	120:1	DT
0.75	80:1	C
1	60:1	AT, BT, ET
2	30:1	A, B, E
25	20:1	AL,
40	1:1	G

Probably necessary to remove the screw just below the rear panel so get good access.  There's also a F or C switch hidden behind the panel.

I suspect that the actual temperature sensing element is a thermocouple since many of the Mikron Infarred patents relate to them.

Thermocouple (Wiki) - heat causes the generation of a voltage because of the differences of two metal alloys.  See: DMM Accessories: 80BK-A Bolometer (Wiki) - Resistance change with electromagnetic radiation (HP power meter standard) Pyrometer (Wiki) - measures surface temperature from a distance, See: Ircon DN-DNS30-20C Pyrometer Thermister (Wiki) - Resistance change with temperature (negative and nonlinear),  See: Sensors\Temperature\Thermistor

Fig 1 Parabolic mirror with sensor at focus. The IR window material seems like a thin rubber sheet. It passes visible light so probably is not any kind of filter. Maybe there just to keep dust out?	Fig 2	Fig 3
Fig 4 The lanyard can be removed revealing a 1/4-20 tripod mounting hole. Electrical jack is one degree per mV output.

Thermocouple Patents

	2997687 Connectors, Fred S Walter, Thermo Electric Co, 1961-08-22, 439/687; 136/235 - This may be the first patent on what has become the modern standard thermocouple connector. Note the plug pins are round in this version.  Prior connectors had 2 pins and a cylindrical body. That wastes a lot of space.
	3273105 Plug-jack connector, Stephen L Klassen, Thermo Electric Co, 1966-09-13, 439/687; 439/691; 439/679 - Here is the version with flat terminals which are a lot lower cost than machined round terminals. Also the plastic housing is now the same for both male and female versions.

3472073 Linearized thermocouples measuring circuit, Keikhosrow Irani, Thermo Electric Co, App: 1967-06-30, Pub: 1969-10-14, 374/172; 374/179; 374/E7.015 - Iron-Constantan"J" & Chromel-Alumel first order correction of arching curve to straight line.  The method can be used for other thermocouples that have first order curvature.
4527896 Infrared Transducer-Transmitter for Non-contact temperature Measurement, I. Irani, F. Lakes, M.G. Burney, Mikron Inst Co., 1985-06-09, 356/43; 374/128; 374/133 -
6798587 Thermal imaging combination and method, Keikhosrow Irani, Mikron Infrared, 2004-09-28, 359/809; 312/223.1; 348/E5.09; 359/722; 374/130 - wide angle IR lens for inspecting electrical panels through a small hole.
7348562 Method for adapting an existing thermal imaging device, Keikhosrow Irani, Mikron Infrared, 2008-03-25, 250/339.02 -

Cammo Net

When worn on a Ghillie Suit (Wiki) it blocks the heat from your body, thus providing some IR camouflage.

Kodyee CF-818

Runs on a coupe of AAA batteries.  Positive up near hinge, Negative far from hinge.
There are three settings accessed after pressing "O" button for a couple of seconds.

Setting	Icon	Function
F1	Face or House	Body Temp or Object Temp
F2	Beep	On or Off
F3	Units	C or F

I don't yet trust the readings.  Need to come up with a home calibration method.
The LCD background color is always green, even when the temp is > 40 C.

Fig 1

Fig 2

Fig 3

Kodak Ektron P-2

These are Lead Sulfide (Wiki: PbS) IR Detectors.  From "Characteristics of Kodak Ektron Detectors" by S.H. Duffield, 1952
Abstract:
A high sensitivity, chemically deposited, lead sulfide detector has been developed under a program sponsored by the Bureau of Ordnance, Department of the Navy. The end product of this development has been declassified and the commercial production of these units under the trade name of Kodak Ektron Detectors has been initiated.
1. High sensitivity: 10^-4 Volts/microwatt 500 degree K radiation per sq cm
2. Low noise: 3 x 10^-7 Volts for a 20 cycle bandwidth
3. Time constant sufficiently short to give excellent response up to 800 cycles.
4. Useful spectral response from 0.3 to 3.0 microns at room temperature with an increase in the near infrared on cooling.  The peak response lies in the 2 micron region.
5. Impedance range of 1/4 to 3/4 Meg per square, or 10 to 0.01 Meg depending on electrode configuration.
6. Sensitive areas from 0.25 square mm to several square cm in nearly any shape or multiple array.

Energy Distribution in Luminescence Spectra of Organic Compounds (DTIC_010486.pdf), ONR, 1952 - Prank E. E. Germann - describes the equipment used including the Kodak IR sensor - chlorophyll - Why?  This is a couple decades prior to Chemiluminescent (patent: 3511612)

DE891303C Lead sulfide photocell for temperature detection or monitoring devices, FRITZ MICHELSSEN DR, App: 1936-04-25, W.W.II, Pub:1953-09-28, -
2447322 Infrared-responsive phosphors, Gorton R Fonda, GE, App: 1943-11-04, W.W.II, Pub: 1948-08-17, - Metascope charged by UV. 1 to 1.6 micron.
2448516 Photocell of lead sulfide, Robert J Cashman, Northwestern University, App: 1945-08-01, W.W.II, Pub: 1948-09-07, - in glass bulb, claims first commercial IR sensor.
2489223 Anticollision apparatus, Robert J Herbold, Lafayette M. Huges, App: 1946-06-25, Pub: 1949-11-22, - aircraft warning when IR seen straight ahead.
2540490 Electron device with semiconductive target, Edmund S Rittner, Philips Lab, 1951-02-06, - glass bulb
2636100 Photoconductive cell, Norman C Anderson, Fireye Inc, 1953-04-21, - flame detection
2650307 Infrared analyzer, Otto G Koppius, Philips Lab, 1953-08-25, - uses PbS IR detector
2659682 Apparatus and method for making a photoconductive element, Norman C Anderson, Continental Electric, 1953-11-17, - hi volume vacuum type type
2674677 Photoconductive cell, Norman C Anderson, Philip N Bredesen, Phillip J Cade, Combustion Control Corp, 1954-04-06, -
2711464 Lead sulfide photoconductive cell, Norman C Anderson, Burton E Shaw, Electronics Corp, 1955-06-21, - construction similar to the P-2, not in glass bulb.
2852648 Photoconductive cells and process for manufacturing same, Stanley H Duffield, Eastman Kodak, 1958-09-16, -
2976419 Apparatus for detecting sources of infra-red rays, Menke Joseph Ferdinand, Doerpinghaus Ernst Hans, Brinro Ltd S A, 1961-03-21, - cigarette pack sized IR detector.
2999161 Method of and means for horizon stabilization, Lovoff Adolph, 1961-09-05, - PbS sensing cell to "see" the horizon.
2999177 Infra-red-sensitive mosaic, Fay E Null, William D Adams, App: 1946-08-19, W.W.II, Pub: 1961-09-05, -
3157521 Infrared lens cement, Donald S Cary, William F Parsons, Carnall Edward, Kodak, App: 1952-12-06, SECRET, Pub: 1964-11-17, -

My best guess is these were made in high volume for an application like an IR light meter.

History of infrared detectors, A. ROGALSKI, 2012 -

Fig 1

The packaging seems to be specific for a variable resistance light sensor. Outer envelope with notch for thumb pull. Inner tri-fold holder for the sensors. Sensors mounted on double-sided tape with very fine leads on carrier paper that is notched and has sprocket holes. Holes on 140mm centers, 3.3mm dia. A single sensor measured 261 k Ohms inside. Outside in the Sun 90 k Ohms (4:43 pm 2021 July 2 @ Ukiah, CA). PS the very fine wire bonded to the gold plated glass are very easy to break.

Patents

	2189321 Electro-optical device, George A Morton, RCA,1940-02-06, - electron focusing
	3014147 Infra red image tube, George A Morton, RCA, App: 1947-04-09, Top Secret, Pub: 1961-12-19, -

3454769 Two-colour radiation ratio pyrometer, Barry Dynes, Associated Portland Cement Manf, 1969-07-08, 374/125; 250/394; 374/127; 374/181; 250/214SG; 356/45; 374/168 - to help with  unknown emissivity (Wiki).

3766539 Automatic personnel intrusion alarm, B Bradshaw, H Graves, Army, 1973-10-16, - 3 - 5 micros & 8 - 14 micron far IR.

3950645 Infrared detection tube, Jacob Rotstein, Robert J. Keyes, MIT, App: 1964-09-21, Secret, Pub: 1976-04-13, - long wave IR vidicon,

Barnes Engineering -

2983887 Radiation sensitive devices, Eric M Wormser, Barnes Eng, 1961-05-09, 338/18 - ground and polished  oxides of manganese, nickel and perhaps cobalt thermistor flakes, thallium bromide iodide IR window,
3137170 Infrared telethermometer, Robert W Astheimer, Current Assignee Edo Corp Barnes Eng, 1964-06-16, 250/339.04; 359/891; 374/127; 356/43 - RM-2 Radiometric Microscope InSb? (we had one of these at Aertech).  [Barnes: PEAC Photoelectric autocollimator: little info]

Related

10 Hz IR Avalanche Pulser - for use with beam breaker or as test source
China Lake Patents - includes proximity fuze based on both radio and optical
Electro Optical Gadgets - includes IR pulse sender and receiver
Exotech 100BX Radiometer -  multi-spectral filters on four channels
Flashlight Patents - includes Surefire & other weapon lights that have IR modes
Fire - emits near and long wave IR
GVS-5 Laser Infrared Observation Device MX-9838/GVS-5 - laser rangefinder using IR (1064 nm)
Haiku Ceiling Fan by Big Ass Fans - includes info on IR remote.
Hilger & Watts Spectrometer D 186.3/290 - used for early physics discoveries.
Integrating Sphere  - includes optical sensor electronics working in log mode for very high dynamic range
IR Beacons  - fit on top of a 9V battery
IR Photo Transistor Sensor - 
LED -
M18 IR Binocular - Vietnam era near IR
M-227 Signal Lamp Equipment SE-11 -5 "D" cell flashlight, includes near IR filter
M32 Tank IR Gun Sight - near IR, not thermal
Modular Outdoor Intrusion Detectors - includes IR beam breaker
Optics - many aspects
Optical Spectrum Analyzers: Monolight, Besler, Wollensak, Ocean Optics, Spectronic, Welch,
PAS-6 Varo Metascope Model 9902E  - near IR source and viewer
Pyrometer Ircon DN-DNS30-20C - (Wiki: Pyrometer) Optical viewing diode electrical sensing. - Wien's displacement law (Wiki), emissivity (Wiki), 0.7 to 1.9 um wavelength Silicon sensor, very small spot size.
Hughes Probeye Infrared Thermal Viewer - thermal viewer, requires high pressure gas for cooling
SDU-5/E Marker Distress Light - strobe lamp includes a lot of near IR + Near IR filter optioin
Seansors - all types including IR
Sperti Ultra Violet and Infra-Red Sun Lamps -
Thermal Hand Held Imager DFOV - large crystal IR lens, requires high pressure gas for cooling
TSL267 IR to Voltage
TVS-2B Night Vision Scope MX-7794B, Crew Served Weapon Night Sight - works in near IR as well as low light
AN/UAS-4 Infrared Surveillance System - thermal and near IR, multi-spectral filters
Ultraviolet - the other invisible light
US Navy Infrared Signaling Telescope US/C-3 - W.W.II near IR sensor
VVS-2(V)4 Driver's Night Vision Viewer - advanced low light and near IR viewer.
Weston Model 594 Photronic Cell, Weston 603, 614, 615, 617, 650, 703, 715, 756, 819 & others - about visible light, but a little near IR

References

Ref 1. About QFI: Quantum Focus Instruments Corporation was founded in 1997 as a spin-off from EDO/Barnes Engineering. EDO/Barnes was a well-known pioneer in IR detectors and systems (first infrared microscope 1963), as well as in the field of photoemission microscopy.
Ref 2. Infra-Red, In Situ (IRIS) Inspection of Silicon - uses 1070 nm infrared light & camera with IR filter removed to make Silicon transparent. - HAYEAR 14MP HD TV HDMI USB Industry Digital C-Mount Microscope Camera TF Card + 180x Zoom C-Mount Lens ($180 @ Amazon) (stand not included) - Hayear Cameras -

Links

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Page Created 2020 May 15